Indian Jewellery

Gems can be classified with the following characterstics.

• Beauty
• Colour
• Sparkle
• Reflection
• Refraction
• Dispersion
• Facetting
• Size
• Shape
• Durability
• Hardness
• Abrasion Resistance
• Rarity
• Natural
• Synthetic
• Fashion

Beauty - Optical Attraction
Most importantly things that a gemstone must be optically attractive , that can   achieve in various style . It can be beautiful color ,can be sparkle through reflecting , refracting or dispersing light .So you can also classify the Optical attraction of the gem as  .
1.Shape
2.Sparkle
3.Size

The period that crossed over the reigns of Victoria and her son Edward VII, marked the begining of the era of Art Nouveau (1890). In keeping with the Arts and Crafts movement in interior design, Art Nouveau jewelry was based on craftsmanship and design outweighed the material.

The motives of Art Nouveau jewellery were curves sinuous organic lines of romantic and imaginary dreaminess, with long limbed ethereal beauties sometimes turning into winged bird and flower forms. 

Victorian Jewellery 1837-1901 is associated with Queen Victoria adn the time when she came and sat to the throne in 1837 jewellery was romantic and religious and used for glamour purpose. Until mid century most western jewellery came from Europe, Victorian was well remembered for her love for gardening, which reflected in floral, hearts and animal including the insect motive of their jewellery. In addition serpents became very poular being a favorite of victoria it symbolized wisdon, eternity and EBEN Luck.

Georgian jewellery belongs to time of the four King Georges ruled Great Britain. The early 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century belong to Georgian jewellery. During the early Georgian period (George I, 1714-1727), the French Rococo style dominated the arts. Like in the Victorian period, there wasn’t a specific individual British style of jewellery during this period,. The jewellery of this period consisted largely of nature pieces, including designs with birds, flowers, leaves, insects, and feathers. They were delicate and light, and many were set on a spring so that they trembled. Those pieces set with precious gemstones were very unique-they were entirely handmade. Most pieces were encrusted with gemstones, and the type of metal used to create pieces was of secondary importance. The most popular motifs of this time for diamonds were baskets of flowers, spurts of foliage, and feather plumes. less precious gemstone, using coral, garnets, turquoise, and even paste, were produced in large quantities, during the Georgian period, jewellery.

From times immemorial Jewellery has always been defined in many different forms, and styles, reflected throughout the centuries by craftsmen and jewellers around the world. For easier understanding for people, we have compiled the following chronologically show in chart.

History and the Era

Jewellery has been used and worn by civilizations for earliest periods in history; In fact it dates back to the Stone Age civilizations where the jewellery was even made of bone. The  bodies that were found frozen or entombed, were covered will all types of jewellery - amulets, bracelets, necklaces and earrings.

ARTIFICIAL STONE - A gem material that is either a manmade imitation or a synthetic. (See synthetic).

ASTERISM - The optical phenomenon of seeing a rayed figure in the form of a star. This is caused by the reflection of light from minute oriented and aligned needle-like inclusions.

BAGUETTE - Rectangular style of step cut used for small gem materials.

BAROQUE - Irregular in shape, such as baroque pearls, tumble-polished stones, or freeform shaped gem materials.

BLEMISH - Any surface imperfection on the surface of a gemstone. For example, on a diamond, one would be referring to a nick, knot, scratch, abrasion, minor crack or fissure (cavity), or a poor polish.

The science of those minerals and other material which posseses sufficient beauty and durability to make them desirable as gemstone. It is concerned with the identification, grading, evealuation, fashioning, and other aspects of gemstone.

For many years the little systematic attention given the subject was divided between jewelers and mineralogists.. mineralogy itself gained the status ofa n exact science only in the 19yh century. Gemology was given impetus by the accelerating developments in synthetics, imitations, various means of colour alteration practiced to defraud, and a growing need for developing methods of detection these products.

Peridot is a beautiful gemstone in its own right and is widely popular. Peridot is perhaps derived from the French word peritot which means unclear, probably due to the inclusions and cloudy nature of large stones. It could also be named from the Arabic word faridat which means gem.The best colored peridot has an iron percentage of less than 15% and includes nickel and chromium as trace elements that may also contribute to the best peridot color. although peridot is distinctly a different shade of green, many jewelers refer to peridot as “evening emerald“.

Turquoise is possibly one of the most valuable, non-transparent mineral in the jewelry industry. It was mined by the early egytians for eons since 6000 BC. The name comes from a french word which means stone of Turkey, from where Persian material passed on its way to Europe. Native amercians and persians created beautiful ornamental with the stone. Most specimens are cryptocrystalline, meaning that the crystals could only be seen by a microscope.

One of the hardest substance know to mankind found in nature is diamond. , Diamond is four times harder than the next hardest natural mineral, corundum (sapphire and ruby), having few weaknesses and many strengths. But even as hard as it is, it is not impermeable. Diamond has four directions of cleavage, which means that if it receives a sharp blow in one of these directions it will cleave, or split. A skilled diamond setter and/or jeweler will prevent any of these directions from being in a position to be struck while mounted in a jewelry piece.